DEFISIENSI VITAMIN D TERHADAP PENYAKIT (Vitamin D Deficiency and Diseases)

Abstract

It has been estimated that deficiency and insufficiency of Vitamin D affect one bilion people worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency can be
found not only in countries with four (4) seasons, but also in countries with sunlight exposure all year long The objective of this study
was to know whether vitamin D deficiency can occur in Indonesia as well and to explore the role of vitamin D in people‘s health, although
Indonesia is a country in the equator region. To avoid long term negative health consequences 25 hydroxyvitamin D/25 (OH) D serum
level should be between 30 and 100 ng/mL. The main source of vitamin D is by synthesis at the skin which is exposed to ultraviolet B
radiation. The other source of vitamin D is from food. There are a lot of causes of vitamin D deficiency, for example: decreased vitamin
D synthesis, nutritional intake of vitamin D, maternal vitamin D stores and exclusive breastfeeding, mal absorption and decreased
synthesis or increased degradation of 25 (OH) D. From the above factors, decreased vitamin D synthesis is the main cause of vitamin D
deficiency. The vitamin D deficiency is estimated and plays an important role in multiple disorders, such as: osteoporosis, fracture, cancer,
cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disease and infectious disease. A good strategy in managing vitamin D deficiency
is needed in order to solve the related problems.