FUNGSI DAN PEMERIKSAAN LIMFOSIT γδT (Functions and Examination of γδT lymphocytes)

Abstract

T lymphocytes most have TCR α and β chains. However, TCR formed from γ and δ chains determine a new subset of T lymphocytes. γδ
TCR specific to different types of ligands, including bacterial phosphoantigen, nonclassical MHC-I molecules and unprocessed protein. γδ
T lymphocytes have several innate cell-like features that allow their early activation following the recognition of conserved stress-induced
ligands. γδ T lymphocytes able to rapidly produce cytokines that regulate pathogen clearance, inflammation and tissue homeostasis
in response to tissue stress. They are capable of generating more unique antigen receptors than γδ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes
combined, yet their repertoire of antigen receptors is dominated by specific subsets that recognize a limited number of antigens. A variety
of sometimes conflicting effectors functions have been ascribed to them, yet their biological functions remain unclear. Innate features
of γδ T lymphocytes underlie their non-redundant role in several physiopathological contexts and are therefore being exploited in the
design of new immunotherapeutic approaches. The purpose of writing is giving an overview in mainly functions of γδ T lymphocytes in
the immune system and laboratory tests that expand knowledge about the introduction of γδ T lymphocytes.