CORRELATION BETWEEN PRESEPSIN AND SEQUENTIAL [SEPSIS-RELATED] ORGAN FAILURE ASSESSMENT (SOFA) SCORE AS AN ORGAN DYSFUNCTION MARKER IN SEPSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v25i1.1490Keywords:
CD14, presepsin, sepsis, SOFA scoreAbstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The latest consensus in 2016 (Sepsis-3) identified organ dysfunction as an acute change in total SOFA score ≥2 points. An ideal laboratory examination is expected to detect sepsis in an early stage and correlated with the degree of infection. Presepsin or Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 14 Sub Type (sCD14-ST) is a proteolysis product of CD14 that is produced in 1-2 hour after innate immune activation during infections. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of presepsin and SOFA score as an organ dysfunction marker in sepsis. This research was an observational, analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS) Bandung from September 2016 until July 2017. The subjects were 42 patients from the Emergency Department diagnosed as sepsis by clinicians using criteria of SOFA score ≥2 points. The serum sample was collected and measured for presepsin concentration. A correlation test was analyzed with Spearman analysis. This study showed the increasing of presepsin concentration associated with SOFA score (p=0.000; r=0.660). There was a positive correlation between presepsin and SOFA score as an organ dysfunction markerDownloads
References
Daniels R, Nutbeam T, Berry E. Sepsis in adults. England, BMJ Best Practice, 2016; 4-7.
Cohen J. The immunopathogenesis of sepsis. Nature, 2002; 420(6917): 885-91.
Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, 2016; 315(8): 801-10.
Behnes M, Bertsch T, Lepiorz D, Lang S, Trinkmann F, Brueckmann M, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of soluble CD 14 subtype (presepsin) for severe sepsis and septic shock during the first week of intensive care treatment. Crit Care,2014; 18(5): 507.
Endo S, Suzuki Y, Takahashi G, Shozushima T, Ishikura H, Murai A, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in a multicenter prospective study. J Infect Chemother, 2012; 18(6): 891-7.
Phua J, Ngerng W, See K, Tay C, Kiong T, Lim H, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of culture-negative versus culture-positive severe sepsis. Crit Care, 2013; 17(5): R202.
National Health Service. UK standards for microbiology investigations, investigation of blood cultures (for organisms other than Mycobacterium species). In: England PH, editor. London, Standards Unit, Microbiology Services, PHE, 2014; 18-22.
Minami E, Ito S, Sugiura T, Fujita Y, Sasano H, Sobue K. Markedly elevated procalcitonin in early postoperative period in pediatric open heart surgery: A prospective cohort study. J Intensive Care, 2014; 2(1): 38.
Meisner M. Update on procalcitonin measurements. Ann Lab Med, 2014; 34(4): 263-73.
Arai Y, Mizugishi K, Nonomura K, Naitoh K, Takaori-Kondo A, Yamashita K. Phagocytosis by human monocytes is required for the secretion of presepsin. J Infect Chemother, 2015; 21(8): 564-9.
Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Bardet V, Poupet H, Poyart C, Borderie D, Claessens YE. Presepsin (sCD14-ST) secretion and kinetics by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytic THP-1 cell line. Annales de Biologie Clinique, 2016; 74(1): 93-7.
Stephens DS, Shafer WM. Immune response to extracellular bacteria. In: Rich R, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, Frew AJ, Weyand CM, editors. Clinical immunology principles and practice. Third Ed., Philadephia, Mosby Elsevier, 2008; 377-88.
Jack RS. CD14 in the inflammatory response. Adorini L, Arai K, Berek C, Capra JD, Schmitt AM, Waksman BH, editor. Greifswald,Germany, Karger, 2000; 25-56.
Pugin J, Schürer C, Leturcq D, Moriarty A, RJ RU, PSTobias. Lipopolysaccharide activation of human endothelial and epithelial cells is mediated by lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and soluble CD14. Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A, 1993; 90(7): 2744-8.
Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Borderie D, Weiss N, Mallet-Coste T, Claessens YE. Presepsin (sCD14-ST), an innate immune response marker in sepsis. Clin Chim Acta, 2015; 450: 97-103.
Brubaker SW, Bonham KS, Zanoni I, Kagan JC. Innate immune pattern recognition: A cell biological perspective. Annu Rev Immunol, 2015; 33: 257-90.
Oliveira-Nascimento L, Massari P, Wetzler LM. The role of TLR2 in infection and immunity. Front Immunol, 2012; 3: 79.
Zhang X, Liu D, Liu YN, Wang R, Xie LX. The accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) for the diagnosis of sepsis in adults: A meta-analysis. Crit Care, 2015; 19: 323.
Sudigdo S. Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Ed ke-4., Jakarta, Sagung Seto, 2011; 324-40.
Dahlan M. Statistik untuk kedokteran dan kesehatan. Ed ke-5., Jakarta, Salemba Medika, 2015; 167-179.
Martin S, Perez A, Aldecoa C. Sepsis and immunosenescence in the elderly patient: A review. Front Med (Lausanne), 2017; 4: 20.
Kirikae T, Kirikae F, Saito S, Tominaga K, Tamura H, Uemura Y, et al. Biological characterization of endotoxins released from antibiotic-treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998; 42(5): 1015-21.
de Prost N, Razazi K, Brun-Buisson C. Unrevealing culture-negative severe sepsis. Crit Care, 2013; 17(5): 1001.
Ramachandran G. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial toxins in sepsis: A brief review. Virulence, 2014; 5(1): 213-8.
Ulla M, Pizzolato E, Lucchiari M, Loiacono M, Soardo F, Forno D, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin in the management of sepsis in the emergency department: A multicenter prospective study. Crit Care, 2013; 17(4): R168.
Liu B, Chen YX, Yin Q, Zhao YZ, Li CS. Diagnostic value and prognostic evaluation of presepsin for sepsis in an emergency department. Crit Care, 2013; 17(5): R244.
Murphy K, Weaver C. Innate immunity: The first lines of defense. Janeway's immunobiology. 9th Ed., New York, Garland Science, 2017; 37-73.
Nakamura Y, Ishikura H, Nishida T, Kawano Y, Yuge R, Ichiki R, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in patients with or without acute kidney injury. BMC Anesthesiol, 2014; 14: 88.
Lisciandro JG, Prescott SL, Nadal-Sims MG, Devitt CJ, Richmond PC, Pomat W, et al. Neonatal antigen-presenting cells are functionally more quiescent in children born under traditional compared with modern environmental conditions. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2012; 130(5): 1167-74 e10.
Smolen KK, Ruck CE, Fortuno ES, 3rd, Ho K, Dimitri P, Mohn WW, et al. Pattern recognition receptor-mediated cytokine response in infants across 4 continents. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2014; 133(3): 818-26.
