Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients in ICU of Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi

Authors

  • Sotianingsih Sotianingsih Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi
  • Samsirun H Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi
  • Lipinwati Lipinwati Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v26i3.1596

Keywords:

Hospital-acquired pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia

Abstract

Pneumonia is defined as an inflammation of the lungs caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). This research aimed to determine the pneumonia-causing bacteria along with the sensitivity and the antibiotic resistance test. This research was a descriptive study with samples of ICU pneumonia patients at Raden Mattaher Regional Hospital during the study period. All samples were consecutively selected. Samples for blood culture were incubated in the BactAlert device, whereas the sensitivity test was then performed using Vitex instruments. Sputum was previously enriched with BHI media and then cultured on culture media, and sensitivity test with the Vitex instruments was carried out. Of the 354 ICU patients during the study period, 30 patients (11.8%) had pneumonia, but only 19 patients could undergo sputum culture. Five of 19 patients were infected with Gram-positive bacteria, and 14 patients were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). Gram-negative bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to almost all antibiotic groups, especially penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolone, and tetracycline groups. Gram-positive bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to the penicillin antibiotic. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). The bacteria cultured from the sputum showed multidrug resistance mainly to the penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotic. This research data can be used to consider the treatment of pneumonia patients to decide more appropriate therapy.

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Author Biographies

Sotianingsih Sotianingsih, Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

Samsirun H, Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

Lipinwati Lipinwati, Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

Department of Clinical Pathology, Jambi University, Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi

References

Perhimpunan dokter paru Indonesia. Pneumonia komuniti, pedoman diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan di Indonesia 2003.

Perhimpunan dokter paru Indonesia. Pneumonia nosocomial,pedoman diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan di Indonesia 2003.

American Thoracic Society. Guidelines for management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am J Respir Crit.Care Med 2001; 163: 1730-54

American Thoracic Society. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults : Diagnosis, assessment of severity, initial antimicrobial therapy and preventive strategies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 153 : 1711-25

American Thoracic Society . Guideline for the Managerment of Adults with Hospital - aquired,Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare associated Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171: 388- 416

American Thoracic Society. Official Consensus Statement (1995): Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in adults : Diagnosis, assesment of severity, initial antimicrobial therapy and preventive strategies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 153 : 1711-25.

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Submitted

2019-12-07

Accepted

2020-03-18

Published

2020-09-30

How to Cite

[1]
Sotianingsih, S., H, S. and Lipinwati, L. 2020. Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients in ICU of Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY. 26, 3 (Sep. 2020), 377–311. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v26i3.1596.

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