Correlation between C-Reactive Protein Level and Blood Urea Nitrogen-Creatinine Ratio in COVID-19 Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v28i1.1756Keywords:
COVID-19, CRP, BUN-creatinine ratioAbstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an inflammation marker that increases significantly in COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 can affect kidney function and increase the Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)-creatinine ratio. The previous study showed that CRP and BUN-creatinine ratios could be used as predictors of the severity and survival of COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to determine the correlation between CRP levels and the BUN-creatinine ratio in COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 COVID-19 patients who were diagnosed by PCR test at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang from March to September 2020. The Spearman correlation test was used for statistical analysis. The median CRP value was 4.59 (0.36-27.48) mg/L and BUN-creatinine ratio was 15.06 (5.79-37.04), while the correlation between CRP and BUN-creatinine ratio showed p=0.003 and r=0.502. There was a moderate positive correlation between CRP level and BUN-creatinine ratio. C-reactive protein plays a role in the infiltration process of inflammatory cells and increases adhesion
molecules, which can directly or indirectly damage kidney function. SARS-CoV-2 can enter the kidney directly through the ACE-2 receptor and activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which will increase water and sodium absorption in the renal tubules, passive reabsorption of BUN, and creatinine filtration in the glomerulus resulting in increased BUN-creatinine ratio.
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